TR3.5

Models of History Systems

Houjun Liu 2021-09-27 Mon 12:00

1 Models of History

1.1 Watson

Watson's Model: scale from…

Independence .. .. Full Order
Indipendence States (no control) Hegemony (some external control) Dominion (some external, some internal control) Empire (full control)

See KBhHIST201Watson Watson's Model of States

1.2 Arrigi

  • When people talk about Hegemony, they often mean dominance

In order to achieve hegemony/dominion in a system, a state must transform how a history operates

A spectrum of governance with two extremes…

1.2.1 "Territorialist Model"

  • Success measured with territory + control
  • Wealth and economy as byproduct

1.2.2 "Capitalist Model"

  • Success measured with the control over resources and trade
  • Territorial acquisition as byproduct

Arrigi claims that there are two main modes of power: the Capitalist — controlling trade and resources — and the territorialist — controlling land and people.

To reach world hegemony (become the world leader) — change the world order. For instance, Tang China turned the world from no model to a Territorialist model; US turned the world from a Territorialist model to a Capitalist model.

1.3 Social Contract Theory

The state arises from the cumulative experience of a populations' self-government as it grows and requires more and more attention

1.4 Predatory THeory

"War makes states, and states make war" — Charles Tilly

1.4.1 Functions of a State

  1. War Making: The act of eliminating rivals or potential external threats outside of its own territories.
  2. State Making: The act of eliminating internal rival forces and insurgents from within its own territories.
  3. Protection: The act of eliminating potential threats to its population.
  4. Extraction: The act of securing the means to execute the previous three activities, such as the collection of taxes or revenue.

#flo #disorganized

Merchantilist Empires => Merchants => Trade

  • Portchugal and Spain focused on land aqusition
    • King and queen doing conquring
    • Little privatization and more of a territarialist model
  • Dutch, French, and British empires focused more on actual trading
    • Companies with charters
      • But! Has own army
      • Coinage
      • and Court
      • (all vested on the authority of the government)
    • Mostly private investors and a capitalist model